Izinzwa ze-pulse oximeter ezilahlwayo, ezaziwa nangokuthi izinzwa ze-Disposable SpO₂, zingamathuluzi ezokwelapha aklanyelwe ukukala amazinga okugcwala komoya-mpilo ku-arterial (SpO₂) ezigulini. Lezi zinzwa zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqapheni ukusebenza kokuphefumula, zinikeza idatha yesikhathi sangempela esiza ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ekwenzeni izinqumo zomtholampilo ezinolwazi.

1.Ukubaluleka Kwezinzwa ze-Spo₂ Ezilahlwayo Ekuqaphelweni Kwezokwelapha

Ukuqapha amazinga e-SpO₂ kubalulekile ezilungiselelweni zezokwelapha ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amayunithi okunakekela kakhulu (ICUs), amagumbi okuhlinza, iminyango yezimo eziphuthumayo, nangesikhathi sokulaliswa kwezinzwa okuvamile. Ukufundwa okunembile kwe-SpO₂ kwenza ukuba kutholakale ngokushesha i-hypoxemia—isimo esibonakala ngamazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini—okungavimbela izinkinga ezingase kube khona futhi kuqondise ukungenelela kokwelapha okufanele.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa ezilahlwayo kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ekuvimbeleni ukungcoliswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezifo ezitholwa esibhedlela. Ngokungafani nezinzwa ezisebenziseka kabusha, ezingase zifukamele amagciwane ngisho nangemva kokuhlanza ngokuphelele, izinzwa ezilahlwayo zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa esigulini esisodwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha kwesiguli.

2. Izinhlobo Zokuhlola Okulahlwayo kwe-SpO₂

2.1 Lapho ukhetha izinzwa ze-SpO₂ ezilahlwayo zamaqembu ahlukene obudala, cabangela izinketho ezilandelayo:

2.1.1 Izinsana

Chofoza esithombeni ukuze ubuke imikhiqizo ehambisanayo

Izinzwa zezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ziklanywe ngokucophelela okukhulu ukuze zivikele isikhumba esithambile sezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Lezi zinzwa zivame ukufaka izinto ezinamathela kancane kanye nemiklamo ethambile, eguquguqukayo enciphisa ingcindezi ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka njengeminwe, izinzwane, noma isithende.

2.1.2 Izinsana

Chofoza esithombeni ukuze ubuke imikhiqizo ehambisanayo

Ezinsaneni, izinzwa ezinkudlwana zisetshenziselwa ukulingana kahle eminweni emincane noma ezinzwaneni. Lezi zinzwa ngokuvamile azisindi futhi ziklanyelwe ukumelana nokunyakaza okumaphakathi, ziqinisekisa ukufundwa okungaguquki ngisho nalapho umntwana esebenza.

2.1.3 Izifo Zezingane

Chofoza esithombeni ukuze ubuke imikhiqizo ehambisanayo

Izinzwa zezingane zenzelwe izingane futhi zenzelwe ukuthi zilingane kahle ezandleni noma ezinyaweni ezincane. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zimnene kodwa ziqinile, zinikeza izilinganiso ezithembekile ze-SpO₂ phakathi nokudlala noma imisebenzi evamile.

2.1.4 Abadala

Chofoza esithombeni ukuze ubuke imikhiqizo ehambisanayo

Izinzwa ze-SpO₂ zabantu abadala ezilahlwayo zenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthwala imikhawulo emikhulu kanye nesidingo esiphezulu somoya-mpilo ezigulini zabantu abadala. Lezi zinzwa zibalulekile ekuqapheni ukugcwala komoyampilo ezimeni ezehlukene zomtholampilo, okuhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuqapha ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kanye nokuphathwa kwezimo zokuphefumula ezingapheli.

2.2 Izinto Ezisetshenziswa Ezinzwa Ze-SpO₂ Ezilahlwayo

2.2.1 Izinzwa Zendwangu Enamathelayo Enamathelayo

Inzwa igxilile futhi ngeke ikwazi ukugudluka, ngakho ifanele izinsana nezinsana ezinesikhathi esifushane sokuqapha.

2.2.2 Izinzwa Zegwebu Ezinganamatheli Ezinganamatheli

I-Non-Adhesive Comfort Foam elahlwayo ye-SpO₂ Sensors ingasetshenziswa kabusha isiguli esifanayo isikhathi eside, ifanele bonke abantu, futhi ingasetshenziselwa kokubili ukuqapha kwesikhathi eside kanye nesikhathi esifushane;

2.2.3 Izinzwa ze-Adhesive Transpore

Izici: Iyaphefumula futhi inethezekile, ifanele abantu abadala nezingane ezinesikhathi esifushane sokuqapha, kanye neminyango enokuphazamiseka okuqinile kozibuthe noma ukuphazamiseka kokukhanya, njengamakamelo okuhlinzwa.

2.2.4 Izinzwa ze-3M Microfoam Ezinamathelayo

Namathela ngokuqinile

3.Isixhumi Sesiguli seKuyalahlekaIzinzwa ze-SpO₂

Isifinyezo Sezindawo Zokusebenza

Inzwa Isithombe	①	②		③		④	⑤
Okubalulekile	Comfort Foam Okunganamatheli	Indwangu Elastic Okunamathelayo		Indwangu Elastic Okunamathelayo		3M Microfoam Okunamathelayo	3M Microfoam Okunamathelayo
Sebenzisa Isikimu
Isicelo	Ingane ＜3kg, Ingane 3-20kg, Izingane 10-50kg, Umuntu omdala ＞30kg	Ingane ＜3kg, Ingane 3-20kg, Izingane 10-50kg, Umuntu omdala ＞30kg		Ingane 3 ~ 20kg		Ingane ＜3kg, Ingane 3-20kg, Izingane 10-50kg, Umuntu omdala ＞30kg	Ingane 3 ~ 20kg
Isicelo Isayithi	Unyawo lwengane, uzwane losana, omdala kanye umunwe wezingane	Unyawo lwengane, uzwane losana, omdala kanye umunwe wezingane		Uzwane olukhulu		Unyawo lwengane, uzwane losana, omdala kanye umunwe wezingane	Uzwane olukhulu
Inzwa Isithombe	⑥	⑦		⑧		⑨
Okubalulekile	3M Microfoam Okunamathelayo	3M Microfoam Okunamathelayo		I-Transpore Okunamathelayo		I-Transpore Okunamathelayo
Sebenzisa Isikimu
Isicelo	Umuntu omdala ＞30kg	Ezinganeni 10 ~ 50kg		Ezinganeni 10 ~ 50kg		Umuntu omdala ＞30kg
Isicelo Isayithi	Inkomba noma omunye umunwe	Inkomba noma omunye umunwe		Inkomba noma omunye umunwe		Inkomba noma omunye umunwe

4. Ukukhetha Inzwa Elungile Yeminyango Ehlukene

Iminyango ehlukene yokunakekelwa kwezempilo inezidingo ezihlukile zokuqapha kwe-SpO₂. Izinzwa ezilahlwayo ziyatholakala ngemiklamo ekhethekile ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezilungiselelo ezihlukahlukene zomtholampilo.

4.1 I-ICU (Iyunithi Yokunakekelwa Kakhulu)

Kuma-ICU, iziguli zivame ukudinga ukuqapha kwe-Spo₂ okuqhubekayo. Izinzwa ezilahlwayo ezisetshenziswe kulesi silungiselelo kufanele zinikeze ukunemba okuphezulu futhi zimelane nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Izinzwa ezidizayinelwe ama-ICU ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izici ezifana nobuchwepheshe bokulwa nokunyakaza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufundwa okuthembekile.

4.2 Igumbi lokuSebenzisa

Phakathi nezinqubo zokuhlinzwa, odokotela ababulala izinzwa bathembela kudatha enembile ye-SpO₂ ukuze baqaphe amazinga komoyampilo esiguli. Izinzwa ezilahlwayo emakamelweni okuhlinzela kufanele kube lula ukuzisebenzisa futhi zisuswe, futhi kufanele zigcine zinembile ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo eziyinselele, njengokugcotshwa kwamanzi okuphansi noma ukunyakaza kwesiguli.

4.3 Umnyango Wezimo Eziphuthumayo

Imvelo esheshayo yeminyango yezimo eziphuthumayo idinga izinzwa ze-SpO₂ ezilahlwayo ezisebenza ngokushesha futhi ezihambisana nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokuqapha. Lezi zinzwa zisiza abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi bahlole ngokushesha isimo sesiguli sokuthola umoya-mpilo, okuvumela ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi.

4.4 I-Neonatology

Ekunakekelweni kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, izinzwa ze-SpO₂ ezilahlwayo kufanele zibe mnene esikhumbeni esithambile kuyilapho zinikeza ukufundwa okuthembekile. Izinzwa ezinezakhiwo ezinamathela kancane kanye nemiklamo eguquguqukayo zilungele ukuqapha izingane ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nezinsana ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ngokukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwenzwa yomnyango ngamunye, izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo zingakwazi ukuthuthukisa imiphumela yesiguli futhi ziqondise ukusebenza kahle kokuhamba komsebenzi.

5.Ukuhambisana Namadivayisi Ezokwelapha

Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ekukhetheni izinzwa ze-SpO₂ ezilahlwayo ukuhambisana kwazo nezinsiza ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha nezinhlelo zokuqapha. Lezi zinzwa zenzelwe Ukuhambisana Nemikhiqizo Enkulu.

Izinzwa ze-SpO₂ ezilahlwayo ngokuvamile ziklanyelwe ukuhambisana nemikhiqizo yedivayisi yezokwelapha ehamba phambili, okuhlanganisa i-Philips, i-GE, i-Masimo, i-Mindray, ne-Nellcor.
Lokhu kuguquguquka kuqinisekisa ukuthi abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo bangasebenzisa izinzwa ezifanayo kuzo zonke izinhlelo eziningi zokuqapha, ukunciphisa izindleko nokwenza lula ukuphathwa kwempahla.
Isibonelo, izinzwa ezihambisana ne-Masimo zivame ukufaka izici ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nokubekezelela ukunyakaza nokunemba okuphansi kwe-perfusion, okuzenza zifanelekele izindawo zokunakekelwa okubucayi, i-neonatology.

Okunamathiselwe kuhlu lobuchwepheshe be-oksijeni yegazi obuhambisana ne-MedLinket

Inombolo yomkhiqizo	I-SpO₂ Technology	Umkhiqizi	Izici ze-interface	Isithombe
1	I-Oxi-smart	I-Medtronic	Mhlophe, 7pin
2	I-OXIMAX	I-Medtronic	Blue-purple, 9pin
3	UMasimo	UMasimo LNOP	Okumise okolimi. 6 pin
4		UMasimo LNCS	DB 9pin (pin), 4 inotshi
5		UMasimo M-LNCS	Okumise okwe-D, okungu-11pin
6		I-Masimo RD SET	Umumo okhethekile we-PCB, u-11pin
7	TruSignal	GE	9 iphin
8	R-CAL	PHILIPS	8pin (iphinikhodi) okumise okwe-D
9	Nihon Kohden	Nihon Kohden	DB 9pin (pin) amanotshi angu-2
10	Nonin	Nonin	7 pin