Iintambo ze-ECG zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekujongeni izigulane, nto leyo evumela ukufunyanwa ngokuchanekileyo kwedatha ye-electrocardiogram (ECG). Nantsi intshayelelo elula yeentambo ze-ECG ezisekelwe kuhlu lwemveliso ukuze zikuncede uziqonde ngcono.

Uhlu lweeCables zeECG kunye neeNtambo zeLead ngokweSakhiwo seMveliso

1.Iintambo ze-ECG eziDibeneyo

IIintambo ze-ECG eziDibeneyoyamkela uyilo olutsha oludibanisa kakhulu ii-electrode kunye neentambo, okuvumela uqhagamshelo oluthe ngqo ukusuka kwisiphelo sesigulana ukuya kwimonitha ngaphandle kwezinto eziphakathi. Olu lwakhiwo olucwangcisiweyo alupheleli nje ekwenzeni kube lula ulwakhiwo kodwa lukwasusa nezihlanganisi ezininzi ezifumaneka kwiinkqubo zesintu zohlobo oluhlukeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, lunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli ngenxa yoqhagamshelo olungafanelekanga okanye umonakalo wekhomenti, lubonelela ngesisombululo esizinzileyo nesithembekileyo sokujonga isigulana. Lo mzobo ulandelayo ubonisa ukusetyenziswa kweeCables ze-ECG eziDibeneyo kwisalathiso sakho.

2.Iintambo zeTrunk zeECG

IIintambo ze-ECG Trunklicandelo elibalulekileyo lenkqubo yokubeka esweni i-ECG, equlathe amacandelo amathathu: isixhumi sezixhobo, intambo yesiqu, kunye nesixhumi sejoko.

3.Iingcingo zeKhodi ze-ECG

Iingcingo ze-ECG ze-leadzisetyenziswa kunye neentambo ze-trunk ze-ECG. Kolu yilo lwe-Separable, kufuneka kutshintshwe iingcingo ze-lead kuphela xa zonakele, ngelixa intambo ye-trunk ihlala isetyenziswa, nto leyo ebangela iindleko zokugcinwa eziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa neentambo ze-ECG ezidibeneyo. Ngaphezu koko, iintambo ze-trunk ze-ECG azixhonywa okanye zikhutshwe rhoqo, nto leyo enokwandisa ubomi bazo benkonzo.

Iintambo ze-ECG kunye neentambo zeLead Uhlu ngokweBalo lweeLead

• Iintambo ze-ECG ezi-3-Lead

Ngokwesakhiwo,Iintambo ze-ECG ezi-3-leadZiqulathe iingcingo ezintathu ze-lead, nganye iqhagamshelwe kwi-electrode ethile. Ezi electrode zibekwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wesigulana ukuze zibone imiqondiso ye-bioelectric. Kwimisebenzi yeklinikhi, iindawo eziqhelekileyo zokubeka i-electrode ziquka ingalo yasekunene (RA), ingalo yasekhohlo (LA), kunye nomlenze wasekhohlo (LL). Olu qwalaselo lwenza ukuba kuqoshwe intliziyo.'umsebenzi wombane ovela kwiikona ezahlukeneyo, ukubonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo yokuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezonyango.

•  Iintambo ze-ECG ezi-5-Lead

Xa kuthelekiswa neentambo ze-ECG ezine-lead ezintathu,Iintambo ze-ECG ezi-5-leadUqwalaselo lubonelela ngedatha ebanzi ngakumbi yombane wentliziyo ngokuthatha imiqondiso evela kwiindawo ezongezelelweyo ze-anatomical. Ii-electrode zihlala zibekwe kwi-RA (ingalo yasekunene), i-LA (ingalo yasekhohlo), i-RL (umlenze wasekunene), i-LL (umlenze wasekhohlo), kunye ne-V (i-precordial/i-chest lead), okuvumela ukujonga intliziyo ngendlela ebanzi. Olu seto luphuculweyo lunika oogqirha ulwazi oluchanekileyo nolubanzi ngentliziyo.'imeko ye-electrophysiological, exhasa ukuxilongwa okuchanekileyo ngakumbi kunye namaqhinga onyango ahlukeneyo.

•  Iintambo ze-ECG ezine-Lead ezili-10 okanye ezili-12 ezine-Lead

IIntambo ye-ECG ene-10-Lead / 12-Leadyindlela ebanzi yokujonga intliziyo. Ngokubeka ii-electrode ezininzi kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba, irekhoda intliziyo'umsebenzi wombane ovela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, ukubonelela oogqirha ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha lwe-electrophysiological yentliziyo oluququzelela ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye novavanyo lwezifo zentliziyo.

Iintambo ze-ECG ezine-lead ezili-10 okanye ezili-12 ziquka oku kulandelayo:

(1)IiLeads eziQhelekileyo zeZitho (iiLeads I, II, III):

Ezi lead zilinganisa umahluko onokubakho phakathi kwamalungu ngokusebenzisa ii-electrodes ezibekwe engalweni yasekunene (RA), engalweni yasekhohlo (LA), kunye nomlenze wasekhohlo (LL). Zibonakalisa intliziyo.'umsebenzi wombane kwi-frontal plane.

(2)Iintambo ze-Unipolar Limb eziNgcono (aVR, aVL, aVF):

Ezi ntambo zifunyanwa kusetyenziswa uqwalaselo oluthile lwe-electrode kwaye zibonelela ngemibono eyongezelelweyo yentliziyo'umsebenzi wombane kwi-frontal plane:

•  i-aVR: Ijonga intliziyo ukusuka egxalabeni lasekunene, igxile kwinxalenye ephezulu yasekunene yentliziyo.
•  aVL: Ujonga intliziyo ukusuka egxalabeni lasekhohlo, egxile kwinxalenye ephezulu yasekhohlo yentliziyo.
•  aVF: Ujonga intliziyo esenyaweni, egxile kwindawo engaphantsi (engezantsi) yentliziyo.

(3)Iinkokheli ezingaphambili (zesifuba)

•  Iinkokheli V1–Ii-V6 zibekwe kwiindawo ezithile esifubeni kwaye zirekhoda umsebenzi wombane kwindawo ethe tye:
•  V1–V2: Bonisa umsebenzi ovela kwi-ventricle yasekunene kunye ne-interventricular septum.
•  V3–V4: Bonisa umsebenzi ovela eludongeni olungaphambili lwe-ventricle yasekhohlo, i-V4 ikufutshane nencopho.
•  V5–V6: Bonisa umsebenzi ovela eludongeni olusecaleni lwe-ventricle yasekhohlo.

(4)Iintloko zesifuba sasekunene

Iileads V3R, V4R, kunye ne-V5R zibekwe kwisifuba sasekunene, ukujonga iileads V3 ukuya kwi-V5 ngasekhohlo. Ezi leads zivavanya ngokukodwa ukusebenza kwe-ventricular yasekunene kunye nokuphazamiseka, okufana ne-right-sided myocardial infarction okanye i-hypertrophy.

Uhlu ngokweentlobo ze-Electrode kwi-Patient Connector

1.Iintambo zeNkokeli ze-ECG zohlobo lwe-Snap-Type

Iintambo zentsimbi zinoyilo olunecala eliphindwe kabini. Iimpawu ezinemibala zibunjwe ngenaliti, ziqinisekisa ukuchongwa okucacileyo okungayi kunyamalala okanye kuqhekeke ngokuhamba kwexesha. Uyilo lomsila we-mesh olumelana nothuli lubonelela ngendawo ende yokubopha intambo, ukuphucula ukuqina, ukucocwa lula, kunye nokumelana nokugoba.

 2.Iintambo ze-ECG zeRound Snap

• Uyilo lweqhosha elisecaleni kunye noQhagamshelo olubonakalayo:Ibonelela oogqirha ngendlela ekhuselekileyo yokutshixa kunye nokuqinisekisa okubonakalayo, okuvumela uqhagamshelo lwe-lead olukhawulezayo noluthembekileyo ngakumbi;Kuye kwangqinwa ngokwezonyango ukuba kunciphisa umngcipheko wee-alamu zobuxoki ezibangelwa kukuqhawulwa kwelothe.
• Uyilo lweCable yeRibhoni eKhululekayo:Iphelisa ukuxinana kweentambo, igcina ixesha kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi; Ivumela ukwahlukana kwelothe ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe kubungakanani bomzimba wesigulana ukuze ilingane kwaye ikhululeke ngcono.
• Iingcingo zeLead eziKhuseleke ngokupheleleyo zeMaleko eMibini:Inika ukhuseleko oluphezulu ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kwiindawo ezinezixhobo zombane ezininzi. 

Iintambo ze-ECG ze-Lead ze-Grabber-Type

Iiingcingo ze-ECG ze-lead zohlobo lwe-grabberZenziwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokubumba ngenaliti edibeneyo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuzicoca, zingangeni manzi, kwaye zingangeni kumathontsi. Olu yilo lukhusela ngokufanelekileyo ii-electrode, luqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kakuhle kunye nokufunyanwa kwesignali ezinzileyo. Iintambo ze-lead zidibene neentambo ezinemibala ehambelana neelebheli ze-electrode, zibonelela ngokubonakala okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza okulula.

Iingcingo ze-Lead ze-ECG ze-4.4.0 Banana kunye ne-3.0 Pin

Iintambo ze-lead ze-ECG ze-4.0 banana kunye ne-3.0 pin zineenkcukacha ezisemgangathweni zesixhumi eziqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nokudluliselwa kwesignali okuthembekileyo. Zifanelekile kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zezicelo zonyango, kubandakanya iinkqubo zokuxilonga kunye nokubeka esweni i-ECG enamandla, zibonelela ngenkxaso ethembekileyo yokuqokelelwa kwedatha echanekileyo.

Iintambo ze-ECG lead zifanele zibekwe njani ngokuchanekileyo?

Iintambo ze-ECG kufuneka zibekwe ngokweempawu eziqhelekileyo zomzimba. Ukunceda ekubekweni ngokuchanekileyo, ezi ntambo zihlala zinemibala kwaye ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo, okwenza kube lula ukubona nokwahlula intambo nganye.

3 – Iintambo ze-lead ze-ECG
I-IEC		I-AHA
Igama leNkokeli	Umbala we-Electrode	Igama leNkokeli	Umbala we-Electrode
R	Bomvu	RA	Mhlophe
L	Lubhelu	LA	Mnyama
F	Luhlaza	LL	Bomvu
5 – Iintambo ze-lead ze-ECG
I-IEC		I-AHA
Igama leNkokeli	Umbala we-Electrode	Igama leNkokeli	Umbala we-Electrode
R	Bomvu	RA	Mhlophe
L	Lubhelu	LA	Mnyama
F	Luhlaza	LL	Bomvu
N	Mnyama	RL	Luhlaza
C	Mhlophe	V	Ntsundu
Iintambo ze-lead ze-ECG ezi-6-Leads
I-IEC		I-AHA
R	Bomvu	RA	Mhlophe
L	Lubhelu	LA	Mnyama
F	Mnyama	LL	Bomvu
N	Luhlaza	RL	Luhlaza
C4	Luhlaza	V4	Ntsundu
C5	Orenji	V5	Mnyama
Iintambo ze-ECG ze-lead ezili-12
I-IEC		I-AHA
R	Bomvu	RA	Mhlophe
L	Lubhelu	LA	Mnyama
F	Mnyama	LL	Bomvu
N	Luhlaza	RL	Luhlaza
C1	Bomvu	V1	Ntsundu
C2	Lubhelu	V2	Lubhelu
C3	Luhlaza	V3	Luhlaza
C4	ntsundu	V4	Luhlaza
C5	Mnyama	V5	Orenji
C6	Mfusa	V6	Mfusa