Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev raws li cov cim qhia ntawm tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv tau nkag siab ntev los ntawm cov kws kho mob, tab sis tam sim no COVID-19 kis thoob qhov txhia chaw kuj tau ua rau pej xeem paub txog nws qhov tseem ceeb.
Hmoov tsis zoo, feem ntau cov neeg uas pom lawv tus kheej tau txais kev soj ntsuam tas li tseem ceeb heev yuav tau nyob hauv qhov chaw kho mob uas lawv tau raug kho rau tus mob hnyav. Tsis txhob siv cov cim tseem ceeb los ua qhov qhia txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho kab mob thiab cov neeg mob rov qab los, tus qauv yav tom ntej ntawm Kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav siv kev soj ntsuam tas li thiab tej thaj chaw deb tseem ceeb raws li lub cuab yeej los txheeb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob pib, tso cai rau cov kws kho mob los cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob hnyav.Lub sijhawm ntxov tshaj plaws ua ntej.
Nws tau pom tias qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev soj ntsuam-qib sensors thaum kawg yuav ua rau kev txhim kho cov khoom siv pov tseg, cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thaj ua rau thaj uas tuaj yeem muab pov tseg tsis tu ncua thiab hloov pauv, xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv muaj xws li cov cim tseem ceeb ntsuas kev muaj peev xwm, kev ncaj ncees ntawm lawv cov kev nyeem tuaj yeem raug nug rau ntau qhov laj thawj, suav nrog qhov zoo ntawm cov sensors siv (feem ntau tsis yog qib kho mob), qhov chaw lawv raug teeb tsa, thiab qhov chaw sensors. qhov zoo ntawm.Lub cev tiv tauj thaum hnav.
Txawm hais tias cov cuab yeej no tsim nyog rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov kws kho mob tsis zoo rau kev soj ntsuam tus kheej siv cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim thiab xis nyob, lawv tsis haum rau cov kws kho mob uas tau kawm los ntsuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus kheej thiab ua kom paub kuaj mob.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov cuab yeej siv tam sim no los muab kev soj ntsuam-qib qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev soj ntsuam lub sijhawm ntev tuaj yeem ua qhov loj thiab tsis xis nyob, thiab muaj ntau theem ntawm kev txav mus los.Hauv qhov kev tsim qauv no, peb tshuaj xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas plaub qhov tseem ceeb - ntshav. oxygen saturation (SpO2), lub plawv dhia (HR), electrocardiogram (ECG), thiab kev ua pa (RR) - thiab txiav txim siab muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws Sensor Hom - Nyeem ntawv rau txhua qib.
Cov ntshav oxygen saturation nyob rau hauv cov tib neeg noj qab haus huv feem ntau yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 95-100%. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qib SpO2 ntawm 93% lossis qis dua tuaj yeem qhia tau tias ib tus neeg muaj kev nyuaj siab ua pa-xws li cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob COVID-19-ua rau nws muaj Lub cim tseem ceeb tseem ceeb rau kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua los ntawm cov kws kho mob.Photoplethysmography (PPG) yog ib qho kev ntsuas kho qhov muag uas siv ntau yam LED emitters los ua kom pom cov hlab ntsha hauv qab ntawm daim tawv nqaij saum npoo thiab lub photodiode receiver txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub teeb pom kev zoo los xam SpO2.While nws tau dhau los ua ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau lub dab teg-hnav hnav, PPG lub teeb teeb liab muaj qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv lub teeb pom kev zoo, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev nyeem ntawv tsis tseeb, txhais tau tias cov cuab yeej no tsis muab cov kev ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas hauv tsev kho mob. , SpO2 ntsuas yog siv tus ntiv tes hnav pulse oximeter (Daim duab 2), feem ntau txuas mus rau tus neeg mob nyob ruaj khov tus ntiv tes.Thaum lub roj teeb uas siv lub tshuab nqa tau muaj nyob, lawv tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev ntsuas tsis tu ncua.
Lub plawv noj qab nyob zoo (HR) feem ntau suav hais tias yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 60-100 neeg ntaus ib feeb, txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm luv ntawm ib tus neeg lub plawv dhia tsis tas li. Feem ntau hu ua heart rate variability (HRV), qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub plawv dhia tsis tu ncua. Lub plawv dhia yog qhov ntsuas nruab nrab ntawm ntau lub plawv dhia.Hauv cov tib neeg noj qab haus huv, lub plawv dhia thiab lub plawv dhia yog ze li qub, vim hais tias nrog txhua qhov kev cog lus ntawm lub plawv cov leeg, cov ntshav tau nqus thoob plaws hauv lub cev.Txawm li cas los xij, qee lub plawv mob hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau. lub plawv thiab mem tes sib txawv.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv arrhythmias xws li atrial fibrillation (Afib), tsis yog txhua txhua leeg nqaij contraction nyob rau hauv lub plawv twj tso kua mis ntshav thoob plaws hauv lub cev - es tsis txhob, cov ntshav accumulates nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev ntawm lub plawv nws tus kheej, uas yuav ua tau rau lub neej .Atrial fibrillation yuav nyuaj. txhawm rau txheeb xyuas vim tias qee zaum nws tshwm sim tsis sib xws thiab tsuas yog rau lub sijhawm luv luv xwb.
Raws li Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb, Afib ua rau ib qho ntawm plaub tus mob stroke hauv cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 40 xyoo, qhov tseeb uas qhia tau hais tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev muaj peev xwm kuaj tau thiab kho tus kab mob.Vim tias PPG sensors ua qhov ntsuas qhov muag raws li qhov kev xav zoo ib yam li HR thiab pulse rate, lawv tsis tuaj yeem tso siab rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kuaj AF.Qhov no yuav tsum tau sau tseg tsis tu ncua ntawm lub plawv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm - cov duab sawv cev ntawm lub plawv hluav taws xob cov cim hu ua electrocardiogram (ECG) - nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Holter saib yog cov cuab yeej siv kho mob feem ntau siv rau lub hom phiaj no.Thaum lawv siv cov electrodes tsawg dua li cov ECG saib uas siv hauv chaw kho mob, lawv tuaj yeem hnyav thiab tsis xis nyob rau hnav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pw tsaug zog.
12-20 ua pa ib feeb yog qhov kev cia siab ua pa (RR) rau cov tib neeg noj qab haus huv feem ntau.Tus RR tus nqi siab tshaj 30 ua pa ib feeb yuav yog qhov qhia txog kev ua pa nyuaj vim kub taub hau lossis lwm yam ua rau.Txawm li cas los xij cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo siv accelerometer lossis PPG thev naus laus zis los txiav txim siab RR, kev soj ntsuam-qib RR ntsuas yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv ECG teeb liab lossis siv bioimpedance (BioZ) sensor uas siv ob lub sensors los ua tus cwj pwm ntawm cov hluav taws xob impedance ntawm daim tawv nqaij.Ib lossis ntau dua electrodes txuas rau tus neeg mob lub cev.
Thaum FDA-cleared ECG functionality muaj nyob rau hauv ib co high-end kev noj qab haus huv thiab qoj wearables, bioimpedance sensing yog ib tug feature uas tsis muaj feem ntau vim hais tias nws yuav tsum tau muaj xws li ib tug cais BioZ sensor IC.Ntxiv rau RR, lub BioZ sensor txhawb Bioelectrical. Impedance Analysis (BIA) thiab Bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy (BIS), ob qho tib si yog siv los ntsuas qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv, rog thiab dej.Lub BioZ sensor kuj txhawb impedance electrocardiography (ICG) thiab yog siv los ntsuas cov tawv nqaij galvanic teb ( GSR), uas tuaj yeem yog qhov qhia tau zoo ntawm kev ntxhov siab.
Daim duab 1 qhia txog daim duab thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw kho mob-qib cov cim tseem ceeb AFE IC uas sib xyaw ua haujlwm ntawm peb qhov sib txawv sensors (PPG, ECG, thiab BioZ) rau hauv ib pob.
Daim duab 1 MAX86178 ultra-low-power, 3-in-1 soj ntsuam-qib cov cim tseem ceeb AFE (Source: Analog Devices)
Nws lub dual-channel PPG kho qhov muag cov ntaub ntawv nrhiav tau qhov system txhawb txog li 6 LEDs thiab 4 photodiode inputs, nrog rau cov LEDs programmable los ntawm ob lub high-tam sim no, 8-ntsis LED tsav tsheb.Qhov tau txais txoj kev muaj ob lub suab qis, siab-resolution readout channels, txhua qhov suav nrog kev ywj pheej 20-ntsis ADCs thiab ambient light cancellation circuitry, muab tshaj 90dB ntawm ambient rejection ntawm 120Hz.SNR ntawm PPG channel yog siab li 113dB, txhawb SpO2 ntsuas ntawm 16µA nkaus xwb.
ECG channel yog lub teeb liab ua tiav uas muab tag nrho cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas xav tau los sau cov ntaub ntawv zoo ECG, xws li kev nce qib, kev lim dej tseem ceeb, tsis tshua muaj suab nrov, kev tawm tswv yim siab impedance, thiab ntau yam kev coj tsis ncaj kev xaiv.Ntxiv nta xws li kev rov qab sai. , AC thiab DC lead detection, ultra-low power lead detection and right leg drive enables robust operation in demanding applications xws li dab teg-pob li nrog qhuav electrodes.Lub analog teeb liab saw tsav ib 18-ntsis sigma-delta ADC nrog ntau yam ntawm tus neeg siv-xaiv tso zis qauv tus nqi.
BioZ tau txais cov channel feature EMI filtering thiab dav calibration.BioZ tau txais cov channel tseem muaj cov kev tawm tswv yim siab impedance, tsis tshua muaj suab nrov, programmable nce, low-pass thiab high-pass lim xaiv, thiab high-resolution ADCs.Muaj ntau hom kev tsim tawm tswv yim stimuli: Qhov sib npaug square yoj qhov chaw / dab dej tam sim no, sine yoj tam sim no, thiab sine yoj thiab square yoj voltage stimulation.Av ntau yam kev txhawb zog amplitudes thiab zaus muaj.Nws kuj txhawb BIA, BIS, ICG thiab GSR daim ntawv thov.
FIFO sij hawm cov ntaub ntawv tso cai rau tag nrho peb lub sensor raws li synchronized.Housed nyob rau hauv ib tug 7 x 7 49-bump wafer-level pob (WLP), AFE IC ntsuas tsuas yog 2.6mm x 2.8mm, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev tsim raws li kev kho mob-qib. hnav lub hauv siab thaj (Daim duab 2).
Daim duab 2 Lub hauv siab thaj nrog ob lub electrodes ntub dej, txhawb nqa BIA thiab txuas ntxiv RR / ICG, ECG, SpO2 AFE (Source: Analog Devices)
Daim duab 3 qhia txog yuav ua li cas AFE no tuaj yeem tsim los ua lub dab teg-hnav hnav los muab kev xav tau BIA thiab ECG nrog kev txuas ntxiv HR, SpO2, thiab EDA / GSR.
Daim duab 3: Lub dab teg hnav nrog plaub lub electrodes qhuav, txhawb nqa BIA thiab ECG, nrog txuas ntxiv HR, SpO2, thiab GSR AFE (Source: Analog Devices)
SpO2, HR, ECG thiab RR yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob rau kev kuaj mob.Nruam cov cim tseem ceeb saib xyuas siv cov khoom siv yuav yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv kho mob yav tom ntej, kwv yees kab mob ua ntej cov tsos mob tshwm sim.
Ntau qhov tam sim no muaj cov cim tseem ceeb saib xyuas tsim cov kev ntsuas uas tsis tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob vim tias cov sensors lawv siv tsis yog qib kho mob, thaum lwm tus tsuas tsis muaj peev xwm ntsuas RR kom raug vim lawv tsis suav nrog BioZ sensors.
Hauv qhov kev tsim qauv no, peb ua kom pom ib qho IC uas sib koom ua ke peb qhov kev soj ntsuam-qib sensors - PPG, ECG, thiab BioZ rau hauv ib pob thiab qhia seb nws tuaj yeem tsim rau hauv siab thiab dab teg, ntsuas SpO2, HR, ECG, thiab RR. , thaum tseem muab lwm yam kev pab cuam ntsig txog kev noj qab haus huv, suav nrog BIA, BIS, GSR, thiab ICG. Ntxiv rau kev siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev kho mob, IC yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev koom ua ke rau hauv cov khaub ncaws ntse los muab cov ntaub ntawv uas siab- kev ua tau zoo ncaws pob xav tau.
Andrew Burt yog Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Lag Luam, Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Kho Mob Kev Lag Luam, Analog Devices
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-05-2022