Kukosha kwezviratidzo zvakakosha zvemuviri sezviratidzo zvehutano hwevanhu zvagara zvichinzwisiswa nenyanzvi dzekurapa, asi denda razvino reCCIDID-19 rakasimudzawo ruzivo rweveruzhinji nezvekukosha kwaro.
Zvinosuruvarisa, vanhu vazhinji vanozviwana ivo vachienderera mberi vachicherechedza zviratidzo zvakakosha vanogona kunge vatova munzvimbo yekiriniki mavari kurapwa kune chirwere chakanyanya. hutano huchashandisa inoenderera uye kure kure yakakosha yekutarisa chiratidzo sechishandiso chekuziva zvinogona zviratidzo zvechirwere kutanga, zvichibvumira varapi kuti vapindire mukukura kwechirwere chakakomba.Mukana wekutanga pamberi.
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuwedzera kubatanidzwa kwekiriniki-giredhi sensors kunozopedzisira kwagonesa kugadzirwa kweanoraswa, anopfekeka akakosha zviratidzo zvigamba zvehutano zvinogona kuraswa nekutsiviwa, senge macontact lens.
Kunyange zvipfeko zvakawanda zvehutano uye zvekusimba zvinosanganisira zvakakosha zvekuyera zviratidzo, kutendeseka kwekuverenga kwavo kunogona kubvunzwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati, kusanganisira kunaka kwemasensa anoshandiswa (akawanda haasi giredhi rekiriniki), kwaanoisirwa, uye kupi masensor. kunaka kwe.Kubata pamuviri wakapfeka.
Nepo midziyo iyi yakakwana kune chishuwo chevasiri vehutano nyanzvi yekungozvitarisa vachishandisa mudziyo wakareruka uye wakasununguka unopfekwa, hauna kukodzera kunyanzvi dzekurapa dzakadzidziswa kunyatsoongorora hutano hwega uye kuita kuongororwa.
Nekune rumwe rutivi, michina inoshandiswa pari zvino kupa kiriniki-giredhi yakakosha yekucherechedza zviratidzo kwenguva yakareba inogona kuva yakawanda uye isingafadzi, uye ine madhigirii akasiyana-siyana ekutakura. oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), electrocardiogram (ECG), uye respiration rate (RR)—uye funga kupa kiriniki Yakanakisisa Sensor Type - Kuverengwa kwegiredhi rega rega.
Kuzadzwa kweokisijeni yeropa muvanhu vane hutano kazhinji kunosvika 95-100%.Zvisinei, nhanho yeSpO2 ye93% kana yakaderera inogona kuratidza kuti munhu arikunetsekana nekufema-sechiratidzo chakajairika muvarwere vane COVID-19-ichichiita Chiratidzo chakakosha chakakosha chekuongororwa nguva dzose nenyanzvi dzezvokurapa.Photoplethysmography (PPG) inyanzvi yekuyera yekuona iyo inoshandisa ma LED emitters akawanda kuvhenekera tsinga dzeropa pasi peganda uye photodiode receiver kuona chiratidzo chechiedza chakaonekwa kuverenga SpO2. chinhu chinozivikanwa chezvipfeko zvakawanda zvinopfekwa nemaoko, chiratidzo chePPG chechiedza chinogona kukanganisa kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvekufamba uye kuchinja kwechinguva muchiedza chemukati, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kukuverenga kwenhema, zvinoreva kuti zvishandiso izvi hazvipi zviyero zvekliniki-giredhi. , SpO2 inoyerwa uchishandisa minwe-yakapfekwa pulse oximeter (Mufananidzo 2), kazhinji inoramba yakanamatira kumunwe wemurwere akamira.Kunyange zvazvo bhatiri rinoshandiswa kutakura shanduro dziripo, dzakakodzerwa chete kuita zviyero zvepakati.
Kurova kwemoyo kune hutano (HR) kunowanzoonekwa kunge kuri pakati pe60-100 kurova paminiti, zvisinei, nguva yenguva pakati pemoyo wega wega haisi nguva dzose. Kurova kwemwoyo iavhareji inoyerwa pamusoro pekurova kwemoyo kwakati wandei. Muvanhu vane hutano, kurova kwemoyo uye kurova kwemwoyo kwakada kufanana, nekuti nekumanikana kwega kwetsandanyama yemoyo, ropa rinopomba muviri wese.Zvisinei, mamwe mamiriro emoyo akakomba anogona kukonzera moyo uye pulse rates zvakasiyana.
Semuenzaniso, mune arrhythmias yakadai seatrial fibrillation (Afib), kwete yega yega mhasuru iri mukati memoyo inopomba ropa mumuviri wese - pane kudaro, ropa rinoungana mumakamuri emwoyo pachayo, izvo zvinogona kutyisa upenyu .Atrial fibrillation inogona kuva yakaoma. kuona nekuti dzimwe nguva inoitika nguva nenguva uye kwenguva pfupi pfupi.
Maererano neWorld Health Organization, Afib inokonzera imwe mumakumbo mana muvanhu vanopfuura makore e40, chokwadi chinoratidza kukosha kwekukwanisa kuona uye kubata chirwere ichi. pulse rate, havagone kuvimbwa navo kuti vaone AF.Izvi zvinoda kuenderera mberi kurekodhwa kwemabasa emagetsi emwoyo -- mufananidzo wakajeka wemasaini emagetsi emwoyo anonzi electrocardiogram (ECG) -- nekufamba kwenguva.
Holter monitors ndiyo yakajairika giredhi yekiriniki inotakurika michina inoshandiswa nekuda kwechinangwa ichi.Kunyange ivo vachishandisa mashoma maelectrode kupfuura static ECG monitors anoshandiswa mumakiriniki ekugadziridza, anogona kunge akakura uye asinganzwisisiki kupfeka, kunyanya pakurara.
12-20 kufema paminiti ndiyo inotarisirwa kufema kufema (RR) kune vanhu vakawanda vane utano hwakanaka.An RR inopfuura 30 kufema paminiti inogona kuva chiratidzo chekufema kunetseka nekuda kwefivha kana zvimwe zvikonzero.Apo mamwe magadzirirwo emagetsi anopfeka anoshandisa accelerometer kana PPG tekinoroji yekudzikisa RR, kliniki-giredhi RR zviyero zvinoshandiswa uchishandisa ruzivo rwuri muchiratidzo cheECG kana kushandisa bioimpedance (BioZ) sensor inoshandisa ma sensors maviri kuratidza Iyo Impedance yemagetsi yeganda.Imwe kana akawanda emagetsi akabatanidzwa kumuviri wemurwere.
Kunyange zvazvo FDA-yakacheneswa ECG kushanda kunowanikwa mune imwe yepamusoro-yekupedzisira yehutano uye fitness inopfeka, bioimpedance sensing chinhu chisingawanzo kuwanikwa nokuti chinoda kuiswa kweiyo yakasiyana BioZ sensor IC.Kuwedzera kune RR, iyo BioZ sensor inotsigira Bioelectrical. Impedance Analysis (BIA) uye Bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy (BIS), iyo yose inoshandiswa kuyera kuumbwa kwemazinga emuviri wenyama, mafuta uye mvura. GSR), iyo inogona kuva chiratidzo chinobatsira chekushushikana.
Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza dhiyabhorosi inoshanda yekiriniki-giredhi yakakosha zviratidzo AFE IC inobatanidza kushanda kwematatu akapatsanurwa sensors (PPG, ECG, uye BioZ) mune imwechete package.
Mufananidzo 1 MAX86178 Ultra-yakaderera-simba, 3-mu-1 kiriniki-giredhi yakakosha zviratidzo AFE (Kwakabva: Analog Devices)
Yayo mbiri-channel PPG optical data acquisition system inotsigira kusvika ku6 LEDs uye 4 photodiode inputs, ine LEDs inorongwa kuburikidza nepamusoro-ikozvino, 8-bit madhiraivha e LED. imwe neimwe inosanganisira yakazvimirira 20-bit ADCs uye ambient light cancellation circuitry, ichipa pamusoro pe90dB yekurambwa kwe ambient pa 120Hz. Iyo SNR yePPG chiteshi inosvika 113dB, inotsigira SpO2 kuyerwa kwe16µA chete.
ECG chiteshi iketani yechiratidzo yakakwana inopa zvinhu zvose zvakakosha zvinodiwa kuti uunganidze data yepamusoro yeECG, yakadai sekuwana flexible, kutsvaira kwakakosha, ruzha rushoma, impedance yepamusoro yekupinza, uye maitiro akawanda ekutungamirira. , AC uye DC inotungamira yekuona, ultra-low power lead inoona uye gumbo rekurudyi rinogonesa kushanda kwakasimba mukuda maapplication akadai semidziyo yakapfekwa nemaoko ine maelectrode akaoma.Iyo analogi yechiratidzo cheni inotyaira 18-bit sigma-delta ADC ine huwandu hwakawanda. yemushandisi-inosarudzwa yekubuda sampuli mitengo.
BioZ inogashira machanera anoratidza EMI kusefa uye yakawedzera calibration.BioZ inogashira machanera zvakare ine yakakwira yekupinza impedance, ruzha rushoma, purogiramu inogoneka, yakaderera-pass uye yakakwirira-pass mafirita sarudzo, uye yakakwirira-resolution ADCs.Kune akati wandei maitiro ekugadzira ekuisa zvinokurudzira: balanced square wave source/ sink current, sine wave current, uye sine wave and square wave voltage stimulation.Asiyana siyana ekusimudzira amplitudes uye ma frequency anowanikwa.Inotsigirawo BIA, BIS, ICG uye GSR application.
FIFO yenguva data inobvumira ese matatu masensa chiteshi kuti awirirane.Inogara mu7 x 7 49-bump wafer-level package (WLP), iyo AFE IC inoyera chete 2.6mm x 2.8mm, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera dhizaini sekiriniki-giredhi. chinopfeka chepfu chigamba (Mufananidzo 2).
Mufananidzo 2 Chest chigamba chine ma electrode maviri akanyorova, anotsigira BIA uye inoenderera RR/ICG, ECG, SpO2 AFE (Mabviro: Analog Devices)
Mufananidzo 3 unoratidza kuti iyi AFE inogona kugadzirwa sei seyakapfekwa nemaoko kuti ipe painoda BIA neECG ine inoenderera HR, SpO2, uye EDA/GSR.
Mufananidzo 3: Chishandiso chakapfekwa paWrist chine ma electrode mana akaoma, anotsigira BIA neECG, ine inoenderera HR, SpO2, uye GSR AFE (Mabviro: Analog Devices)
SpO2, HR, ECG uye RR zviyero zvakakosha zvezviratidzo zvinoshandiswa nevashandi vehutano nekuda kwezvinangwa zvekuongorora.Kuenderera mberi kunokosha zviratidzo zvekucherechedza kushandisa zvipfeko zvichave chikamu chinokosha chemienzaniso yehutano yeramangwana, kufanotaura zvirwere zvisati zvaitika zviratidzo.
Mazhinji eaya aripo akakosha echerechedzo anoburitsa zviyero zvisingagone kushandiswa nevashandi vehutano nekuti masensa avanoshandisa haasi ekiriniki giredhi, nepo vamwe vasina mukana wekuyera nemazvo RR nekuti haasanganisire BioZ sensors.
Mune ino dhizaini mhinduro, tinoratidza IC inobatanidza matatu ekiriniki-giredhi sensors - PPG, ECG, uye BioZ mupakeji imwe chete uye inoratidza kuti inogona kugadzirwa sei muchipfuva nemaoko zvinopfeka, kuyera SpO2, HR, ECG, uye RR. , nepo ichipawo mamwe mabasa anobatsira ane chekuita nezvehutano, kusanganisira BIA, BIS, GSR, uye ICG.Kuwedzera pakushandiswa mumakiriniki-giredhi zvinopfekeka, IC yakanakira kubatanidzwa muzvipfeko zvakangwara kuti ipe mhando yeruzivo iyo yakakwirira- vatambi vemitambo vanoda.
Andrew Burt ndiye Executive Bhizinesi Maneja, Industrial and Healthcare Business Unit, Analog Devices
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-05-2022